Weapons are usually divided into three types based on how they deals damage: bludgeoning, piercing, and slashing. This type designation usually has no effect, but it frequently interacts with other game mechanics which can increase or decrease the amount of damage. In many editions of Dungeons & Dragons, attacks can have a keyword or descriptor which describes the type of damage. Spells and effects like fire usually allow the target to roll a saving throw to avoid part or all of the damage, but this varies between effects and editions to the rules: some spells instead require the caster to make an attack roll, especially in D&D 4th edition which uniquely uses Defenses instead of saving throws. Physical attacks require an attack roll, which must overcome the target's armor class in order to deal damage. From D&D 3rd edition onward, where twenty sided dice are used for most conflict solution, most other dice are used primarily for rolling various sources of damage.Ĭharacters and creatures usually have a way to avoid taking some or all damage. Damage is usually calculated by rolling dice, although some sources of damage may deal a flat number.
The amount of damage dealt varies considerably by source. Common causes of damage include attack by weapons and monster attacks, spells, traps, and environmental dangers like fire and falling. In Dungeons & Dragons, damage is frequently dealt during combat.
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